Codwainer Smith is one of my favourite SF authors! He is completely unique in the genre, I think. He has only one SF novel -
Norstrilia - and it has to be read
after all his short stories, to be fully enjoyed.
His short stories are unparalelled in many ways - they are often crafted using Chinese literary techniques, such as describing key scenes from a story by means of imagined future works of art created to depict them, or by stating the entire plot outline in the beginning, and saying that what follows are the details behind the legend - this is how his one SF novel starts, in fact.
His works are also unique for their themes. At a time when SF was still gleefully charting the 'billion-year spree' into space, he envisaged a far-future humanity striving to recapture what it means to be human. Oh, but there's so much more. A haunting vision of the pains of space travel, the unforgettable, heart-breaking under-people, animals spliced into humanoid form to perform various chores for true humans, the ghastly prison planet of Shayol, and more.
All his short stories taken together form a sort of set of background legends and histories to his sole novel, Norsttrilia. All these works in turn were part of a projected future history that Smith never lived to complete. Nevertheless, the few short stories and one novel that he did complete are an achievement of rare beauty and wonder.
Corwainer Smith was the SF pen-name of Paul Linebarger, a man whose life was an extraordinary tale in itself. You can read more about his life and his non-sf works as well here:
http://www.cordwainer-smith.com/
Oh, and here's my review of Nortstrilia:
http://www.chronicles-network.net/forum/showthread.php?t=2121