... everyone in Star Trek is effectively a clone since they are recreated at an atomic level every time they beam ...
Re: Teleportation
Have checked this out. It appears that the best shot at physical teleportation may look like this:
First they have to find a way to freeze a batch of 5000 Rubendium atoms to within a billionth of a billionth of a degree above absolute zero, to the temperature of the Bose Einstein Equivalent.
At this temperature, they hope that the wave peaks of the atoms will all match, so instead of 5000 atoms, they will behave like the equivalent of one giant atom. This is necessary to prevent 'quantum entanglement'. I don't know exactly what that is, but it doesn't sound too good.
Next they send in a pulse of more rubendium atoms. The sudden drop in temperature should cause the electrons in the pulse rubendium to drop down to the lowest possible energy levels -- emitting light.
The light pulse is sent along an optic cable and, in theory, will take the single-state rubendium atoms with it.
You could only 'unscramble' the atoms once, so cloning would not be a prospect with this method.
Once that's working the next step would be to organise the light into a laser pulse, in order to do away with the cable.
From there on to more complex atoms, and then finding a way to 'beam' living beings without first freezing the life out of them.
And even then it's limited to light speed which is incidentally 300 thousand Km/sec -- a light year being 95 000 000 million Km. Our Milky Way is 100 000 light years, or a little less than 30 000 'parsecs' across -- a parsec being 3.5 light years. Andromeda, the nearest galaxy to Earth, is 2.5 million light years away (all approx) ...