Description and origin
In book V, chapter 6 of
The Lord of the Rings, Tolkien describes it thus:
"...it was a winged creature: if bird, then greater than all other birds, and it was naked, and neither quill nor feather did it bear, and its vast pinions were as webs of hide between horned fingers; and it stank. A creature of an older world maybe it was...." A few paragraphs later it is said to attack with "beak and claw". It and the others that served the Nazgûl as steeds were taken by Sauron who raised them in such a way that they grew to an unnatural size.
This most closely resembles a very large hairless
pterosaur-like animal, although their wing structure is more like that of a
bat. Tolkien once wrote that he "did not intend the steed of the Witch-King to be what is now called a '
pterodactyl'", while acknolwedging that it was "obviously ...
pterodactylic and owes much" to the "new ... mythology of the 'Prehistoric'", and might even be "a last survivor of older geological eras." (
Letters, 211) The differences in the beast's anatomy from pterodactyls or any other species of pterosaur makes it doubtful he intended the fell beast to belong to any group of real creatures.
The fact that this description resembles that of the fantasy
dragon has led some to identify the fell beasts as such.[
citation needed] This is incorrect as dragons are already
well established in Tolkien's writings (see
Smaug,
Glaurung and
Ancalagon), and if they had been dragons, it is likely he would have simply called them such.