I don't think Blish was religous, not particularly so anyway. Obviously the protagonist was very religous and the premise of the book was to explore the impact that discovering sentient alien life would have on religous beliefs but I don't think it came across as particularly pro or anti religion. The ending itself was highly ambiguous and could be interpreted in different ways.
I didn't get that far
But yea the character was a religious nut and I was more interested in the other guy,the one who got spiked. And also the fauna and flora of that world was what made me get the book but Blish never explored that. He was too interested in people, at least in that book.
Yes, that ambiguity -- especially given the nature of the book -- was a very difficult line to walk, and I think he did it quite well. In itself, it opens up the discussion of the reasons why such ideas as those proposed by religion -- especially when they come into direct conflict with the predominating scientific view -- remain viable for so many intelligent, reasonable people. And Ramon's own role in that ending is, I would argue, handled at the virtuoso level, as either way, he loses an enormous amount of the core of his world. I think Blish managed very well to have the novel play on the level of myth, social commentary, naturalistic novel, and hard sf, and -- as I've said before -- with each reading, my estimation of the novel grows as I become increasingly impressed with how tightly-knit it all really is.
Yes, the focus
is on characters here -- especially conflicting views of the world and reality; which is a prominent theme in sf, really. This one is a very good example of sf as what it has so often been claimed to be: "the literature of ideas". For instance (and this is part of what I refer to when I talk about Blish walking that tightrope): the experiences and resulting corruption of Egtverchi can be seen as the effects of either the physical or the moral/spiritual plane on the young Lithian, something which once more calls into question Ramon's views of the Lithians themselves. Are they without souls on Lithia? If so, does Egtverchi acquire one in becoming an inhabitant of Earth, a quasi-human? Do the Lithians live in a "state of grace"? And what about the implications of their apparently never having developed (or feeling the need to develop) mystical or religious views or understandings of the world -- something which is almost inevitable in the development of a species, as any species is going to begin with a lack of knowledge on how the universe works, gaining that knowledge by a slow and painful process of trial and error, and in the meantime still likely to be driven by a need to understand and derive patterns from their experience, simply in order to create a psychologically and emotionally fulfilling existence -- something the Lithians would seem to refute... but do they? Or are they what some creationists claim for the fossil record: a "red herring" thrown up by "the Enemy"?
And so on....
Incidentally, Larry, as Blish makes explicit in the novel, the "boring book" is one of the 20th centuries' more controversial novels, James Joyce's
Finnegan's Wake, a novel that itself challenges nearly all conceptions of what a work of fiction "should be". I don't know if Blish had such in mind, but
A Case of Conscience might well be seen as an instance of a novel challenging -- in more than one sense of the word -- what a work of
science fiction should (or can) be....